The Prophet (saw) warned us against being argumentative saying: “argumentative is the sign of any group of people who have gone astray from the path of righteousness.” He (saw) expressed his hatred of debating and argumentation saying: “I am the chief of an abode in paradise for those who have abandoned argumentation even when they are right, and the chief of an abode in the middle of paradise for those who have abandoned lying, even in jest, and the chief of an abode at the top of paradise for those men of decency and good morals.”

Interpreted as Beneficial, Suitable And Healthy Actions: There is a serious misunderstanding about what is the meaning of As-Saalihaat, a word which normally comes after Eemaan in Qur’an. Mostly it is translated as ‘righteous or good deeds’. Let us, however, go to an authentic Arabic dictionary, al-Mu‘jam al-Waseet, and find out the meaning of this word. The meaning is: salaha ash-shai’u: kaana naafi‘an aw munaasiban (to be useful, to be appropriate).

Unfortunately, the ‘good’ and ‘righteous’ have again invariably implied only rituals. The real meaning of the word needs to be (re)discovered. It is far from being confined to rituals. It encompasses the entire life wherein Ramadan is only once in a year, Zakaah once annually, Hajj once in the lifetime and Salaah is hardly a couple of hours out of 24 hours. What about the rest of the hours, months and years?

There is a soring need to take this word in the right context and liberate it from its limited meaning. All the beneficial, appropriate and suitable acts as per the situations and circumstances will fall under As-Saalihaat which Qur’an stresses upon numerous times.

Remedy for hastiness;(a) Contemplating the consequence of hastiness, for this instills calmness into one’s soul and teaches him patience. (b) Reading the Quran – whose verses inculcate in us the ways of Allah with man and the creation of the universe which also instills calmness into our souls.

“There is no virtue in precedence but in truthfulness.” Allah the Almighty says: Al Ahazab:23 – Among the believers are men who have been true to their covenant with Allah; of them some have died and some (still) wait; but they have never changed (their determination) in the least.

(After-Life, Hereafter, Next World). the term embraces the following ideas.

That man is answerable to God.
That the present order of existence will some day come to an end.
That when that happens,God will bring another order into being in which He will resurrect all human beings, gather them together and examine their conduct, and reward them with justice and mercy.
That those who are reckoned good will be sent to Paradise whereas the evil-doers will be consigned to Hell.
That the real measure of success or failure of a person is not the extent of his prosperity in the present life, but his success in the Next.

Fasad, literally 'corruption', in Qur'anic terminology, means creating disorder and corruption on earth by following a path other than God's. Islam maintains that true peace and happiness emanate only through the observance of God's commands and through making a conscious effort to see that His laws alone are implemented in every sphere of life. Fasad occurs when man violates God's laws and disobeys Him. Fasad may therefore be partial as well as total; partial when one disregards God's law in one aspect of life while acknowledging His sovereignty in other spheres. If a society is based on the denial of God, that society is bound to be a corrupt and exploitative society - hence full of fasad. .

Most commonly understood to mean Hell. In fact, it is one of the levels of Hell. There are seven levels of Hellfire:
1. Jaheem - the shallowest level of Hell. It is reserved for those who believed in Allah and His Messenger (saw), but who ignored His commands.
2. Jahanam - a deeper level where the idol-worshippers are to be sent on the Day of Judgement.
3. Sa'ir - is reserved for the worshippers of fire.
4. Saqar - this is where those who did not believe in Allah will be sent on the Day of Judgement.
5. Ladha - will be the home of the Jews.
6. Hawiyah - will be the abode of the Christians.
7. Hutama - the deepest level of Hellfire. This is where the religious hypocrites will spend eternity. The worst of Allah's creation are the Munafiqeen (Hypocrites), wether they be mankind or Jinn, for they outwardly appear to accept, but inwardly reject Allah and His Messenger (saw)

(Companion): This is any individual who met the Messenger of Allaah (saw) or saw him, believed in him and his message and then died upon that belief. (Al-Hafiz ibnul Hajar (d.852H) Rahimahullaah said: "The most correct of what I have come across is that a Sahabee (Companion) is one who met the Prophet of Allaah (saw) whilst believing in him and died as a Muslim. So that includes the one who remained with him for a long or short time, those who narrated from him and those who did not, those who saw him but did not sit with him and those who could not see him due to blindness." Al – Ishabah of Al-Hafiz ibnul Hajar (d.852H) Rahimahullaah vol.1 pg.4-5)

So a man who embraced Islam during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allaah ('Alahyi sallatu wa salam) and met him but later apostates from the religion and then repents and accepts Islam again and dies upon the religion of Islam is a Companion e.g. Al –Ashath ibn Qays (Radiyallaahu anhu). However, a person who embraced Islam during the lifetime of the Prophet of Allaah (Sallallahu 'alayhi wa salam) but did not meet him, such an individual is not considered a Companion e.g. An-Najashi, the king of Ethiopia at the time of the Prophet of Allaah (saw) wa salam). Likewise, a person whom embraces Islam and met the Messenger of Allaah ('Alahyi sallatu wa salam), but later apostated and then died upon that is also not a Companion e.g. ‘Abdullaah ibn Khalaf, Rabi’ah ibn Umayyah who apostated during the reign of 'Umar ibn al-
Khattaab (Radiyallaahu anhu) and died upon his disbelief.

The numbers of Companions are to many to give an accurate figure of all of them. Although, it has been estimated that there were around 114,000 Companions. (Source: Companions - Islamweb.net)